Sexual Battery and Rape in Florida
Many Sexual Battery cases boil down to one person’s word against another’s.
Sexual Battery, which is more commonly known as rape, is one of the most aggressively prosecuted crimes in Florida and carries some of the most severe and long-lasting penalties of any criminal offense.
Complicating the defense of Sexual Battery allegations, most rape cases frequently boil down to the accuser’s word against the accused’s.
Definition of Sexual Battery
Under Florida Statute 794.011, the crime of Sexual Battery is committed when a person has non-consensual oral, anal, or vaginal contact with another person using their sexual organ or an object.
In addition to the standard crime of Sexual Battery, there are several enhanced forms of Sexual Battery that can be committed in Florida.
Aggravated Sexual Battery
Aggravated Sexual Battery is committed when a person has oral, anal, or vaginal contact with another person using their sexual organ or an object under an aggravating circumstance.
Aggravating Circumstances
- The victim is physically helpless to resist.
- The victim is coerced into submission by threats of force or violence likely to cause serious personal injury and the victim reasonably believed the present ability to execute the threat.
- The victim is coerced into submission by threats to retaliate against the victim, or any other person, and the victim reasonably believes that the offender has the ability to execute the threat in the future.
- The victim is unknowingly and without consent drugged so that they are mentally or physically incapacitated.
- The victim was taken advantage of due to a known mental defect.
- The victim is physically incapacitated.
- The offender is a law enforcement officer, correctional officer, or correctional probation officer, or any other person in a position of control or authority, or a person reasonably believed to be in a position of control or authority as an agent or employee of government.
Sexual Battery on a Child Under 12
Sexual Battery on a Child Under 12 is committed when, regardless of consent, a person has oral, anal, or vaginal contact with a child under the age of 12.
Sexual Battery with a Deadly Weapon
Sexual Battery with a Deadly Weapon is committed when a person has non-consensual oral, anal, or vaginal contact with another person as a result of the use, or threatened use, of a deadly weapon.
Sexual Battery Likely to Cause Serious Personal Injury
Sexual Battery Likely to Cause Serious Personal Injury is committed when a person uses physical force likely to cause serious personal injury during the commission of the sexual battery.
Penalties for Sexual Battery
The penalties for Sexual Battery are determined by the age of the offender, the age of the victim, or the presence of aggravating circumstances.
A person sentenced to prison for Sexual Battery is ineligible for gain time and must serve the entirety of their prison sentence, day-for-day. [1]
Further, every person convicted of Sexual Battery will be designated either a sexual offender or a sexual predator under Florida law and required to comply with sexual offender and predator registration laws for the remainder of their lives.
Additionally, under the Adam Walsh Act, a person convicted of Sexual Battery is ineligible to ever petition for removal from state or federal registration laws because the crime involves non-consensual sexual interaction. [2]
This means that if a teenager is convicted of Sexual Battery or Rape under questionable circumstances (such as date rape allegations), they will be labeled a sex offender for their entire life.
Sexual Battery (Rape)
The crime of Sexual Battery (Rape) is a Second Degree Felony punishable by up to fifteen years in prison, fifteen years of sex offender probation, and a $10,000 fine.
Under Florida’s Criminal Punishment Code, Sexual Battery is assigned a Level 8 offense severity ranking and, absent prior criminal history or grounds for a downward departure sentence, a judge is required to sentence a person convicted of Sexual Battery to a minimum sentence of 7¾ years in prison followed by at least two years of sex offender probation. [3]
Aggravated Sexual Battery on Person 18 or Older
The crime of Aggravated Sexual Battery on a Person 18 or older is a First Degree Felony punishable by up to thirty years in prison, thirty years of sex offender probation, and a $10,000 fine.
Under Florida’s Criminal Punishment Code, Aggravated Sexual Battery on a Person 18 or older is assigned a Level 8 offense severity ranking and, absent prior criminal history or grounds for a downward departure sentence, a judge is required to sentence a person convicted of Aggravated Sexual Battery on a Person 18 or older to a minimum sentence of 7¾ years in prison followed by at least two years of sex offender probation. [3]
Aggravated Sexual Battery on Person between 12 and 18 Years of Age
The crime of Aggravated Sexual Battery on Person between 12 and 18 years of age is a Life Felony punishable by up to life in prison, lifetime sex offender probation, and a $10,000 fine.
Under Florida’s Criminal Punishment Code, Aggravated Sexual Battery on Person between 12 and 18 years of age is assigned a Level 9 offense severity ranking and, absent prior criminal history or grounds for a downward departure sentence, a judge is required to sentence a person convicted of Aggravated Sexual Battery on Person between 12 and 18 years of age to a minimum sentence of nine years in prison followed by at least two years of sex offender probation. [3]
Sexual Battery on a Child Under 12
The crime of Sexual Battery on a Child Under 12 by a person 18 or older is a Capital Felony and known as Capital Sexual Battery. The crime of Sexual Battery on a Child Under 12 by a Person under 18 is a Life Felony.
Capital Sexual Battery
The crime of Capital Sexual Battery is a Capital Offense in Florida and only has two possible sentences:
- Death, or
- Life without the possibility of parole.
Prosecutorial Waiver of the Death Penalty
The State has the option to waive the death penalty as a sentencing option and elect to seek just Life in prison.
If the death penalty is waived as a sentencing option, a person convicted of Capital Sexual Battery will be sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole upon conviction.
Penalty Phase Proceedings
If the State does not waive the death penalty and a defendant is convicted of Capital Sexual Battery, the court will conduct a separate sentencing proceeding, known as the penalty phase, to determine whether the defendant should be sentenced to death or life imprisonment.
Sexual Battery by a Person Under 18 on Child Under 12
The crime of Sexual Battery by a Person Under 18 on Child Under 12 is a Life Felony punishable by up to life in prison, lifetime sex offender probation, and a $10,000 fine.
Under Florida’s Criminal Punishment Code, Sexual Battery by a Person Under 18 on Child Under 12 is assigned a Level 9 offense severity ranking and, absent prior criminal history or grounds for a downward departure sentence, a judge is required to sentence a person convicted of Sexual Battery by a Person Under 18 on Child Under 12 to a minimum sentence of nine years in prison followed by at least two years of sex offender probation. [3]
Sexual Battery with a Deadly Weapon
The crime of Sexual Battery with a Deadly Weapon is a Life Felony punishable by up to life in prison, lifetime sex offender probation, and a $10,000 fine.
Under Florida’s Criminal Punishment Code, Sexual Battery with a Deadly Weapon is assigned a Level 10 offense severity ranking and, absent prior criminal history or grounds for a downward departure sentence, a judge is required to sentence a person convicted of Sexual Battery with a Deadly Weapon to a minimum sentence of 10½ years in prison followed by at least two years of sex offender probation. [3]
Sexual Battery Likely to Cause Serious Personal Injury
The crime of Sexual Battery Likely to Cause Serious Personal Injury is a Life Felony punishable by up to life in prison, lifetime sex offender probation, and a $10,000 fine.
Under Florida’s Criminal Punishment Code, Sexual Battery Likely to Cause Serious Personal Injury is assigned a Level 10 offense severity ranking and, absent prior criminal history or grounds for a downward departure sentence, a judge is required to sentence a person convicted of Sexual Battery Likely to Cause Serious Personal Injury to a minimum sentence of 10½ years in prison followed by at least two years of sex offender probation. [3]
Defenses to Sexual Battery
In addition to the pretrial defenses and trial defenses that can be raised in any criminal case, the two primary defenses to the crime of Sexual Battery or rape are:
Consent
Consent is a defense to an accusation of sexual battery or rape, but only if the consent was found to be intelligently, knowing, and voluntarily made. This means that if a person says they were unknowingly drugged or too intoxicated to consent, a jury could find that they did not consent to the sexual activity voluntarily.
Likewise, the failure of the accuser to offer physical resistance will not be deemed consent. Rather it will be something a jury can consider when determining whether the sexual interaction was consensual or coerced submission.
Coerced Submission
On the other hand, sexual battery or rape will be deemed coerced submission if force, threats, or intimidation were used to compel the sexual interaction.
This is an important distinction, because if an accuser alleges they feared for their life, physical safety, or the life and safety of a loved one, they can assert that they had no other alternative than to submit to a sexual act - thus they did not consent under the law.
False Allegations
False allegations of sexual battery or rape are increasingly common in Florida and one of the primary reasons people find themselves accused of sexual battery or rape.
Typical reasons for false allegations include:
- Fear of being caught in an affair
- Jealousy
- Manipulation of children by an angry parent
- Mental illness of the accuser
- Mentally ill parents influencing a child
As a result, it is vitally important that an accuser’s motives are thoroughly investigated so that any motive for making a false accusation of sexual battery or rape can be exposed to a jury.
Contact Orlando Criminal Defense Attorney
If you have been arrested or charged with the crime of Sexual Battery or rape in Central Florida or the Greater Orlando area, contact Orlando Criminal Defense Lawyer Richard Hornsby today.
The initial consultation is free and I am always available to advise you on the proper course of action that can be taken.